Introduction:
A form of nonviolent protest, employed during the 1960s in the civil rights movement and later in the movement against the Vietnam War. Sit-in were not a new civil right technique. But in 1960s they helped energize the civil rights movement. Although a passive technique in nature, sit-ins caused real change to occur. The impact sit-ins had on the civil rights movement proved to be invaluable to changing policies and norms in the 1960s.
Definition:
"A form of protest in which demonstrator occupy a place, refusing to leave until their demands are met".
History:
In the early 1940s, the congress of Racial Equality (CORE) successfully used sit-ins to desegregate public facilities, in Chicago primarily. Howard University students also had success in 1944 when they used the sit-in tactic to desegregate a cafeteria in Washington, D.C. These incidents were more isolated, however.
The four students in North Carolina sparked a wave of additional sit-ins throughout the south and set the stage for the creation of a new organization that quickly gained momentum within the civil rights movement:the Student Nonviolent Coordination Committee(SNCC).
The sit-in tactic helped integrate other facilities. By August 1961, an estimated 70,000 people had participated in sit-ins across the country (more than 30,000 of these were arrested). One of the most important results of these actions was that students from across the country became active participants in the civil right movement.
Effects of Sit-ins And present condition in Pakistan:
"The current protests have paralyzed our economy. Direct losses to the economy have reached up to Rs 800 billion while indirect losses have amounted to several hundred billions," according to a statement of Commerce Minister Khurram Dastgir.
The political impasse caused by the sit-ins of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf and Pakistan Awami Tehreek, have caused a loss of Rs 800 billion to the economy- a figure that may further unnerve the investors-said a government official.
Imran Khan-led PTI and Tahirul Qadris PAT have staged sit-ins since Independence Day in hopes of getting Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif to resign.
However, so far, talks have remained deadlocked between the opposition and the government.
The Commerce Ministry has not attributed the estimates to any official source but said that these estimates were worked out by "experts". Usually the Ministry of Finance, Revenue and Economic Affairs is the responsible ministry to give such estimates.
The minister stated that the devaluation of rupee against the US dollar and the constantly fluctuating exchange rate have increased Pakistan's external debt by Rs 350 billions. Before the political crisis struck the country, the rupee-dollar parity was Rs98.7 to a dollar that has now gone over Rs 101 to a dollar.
As of end June, Pakistan's external debt stood at Rs 4.8 trillion or $48.6 billion, higher by Rs480 billion or 11.2% over the previous year's Rs4.3 trillion. The rupee depreciated by Rs4.4 to a dollar. By this account, the country's external debt in terms of rupee increased by Rs 213 billion in the last two weeks-a figure that is Rs 137 billion less than the official claim.
The development of country is largely effected by these protests; Cancellation of a visit by Sri Lankan president before casting doubt on the planned arrival of the Chinese head of state.
The nature of the Chinese president's visit is as high-profile as it gets and the slightest of reshuffling in plans would strengthen hands of those international forces that do not want to see close ties between Pakistan and China. Furthermore, Chinese president is set to visit India, which could be interpreted as further isolation for Pakistan. Due to these the international image of Pakistan has considerably been shattered.
So, these all protests and violation activities need to be stopped that it really harmful for the economy.
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